|
A snap parliamentary election for the Verkhovna Rada took place in Ukraine on 26 October 2014.〔(Ukraine President Poroshenko Calls Snap General Election ), Bloomberg News (25 August 2014)〕 The President of Ukraine, Petro Poroshenko, announced the date of the election on 25 August 2014.〔 Poroshenko had pressed for early parliamentary elections since his victory in the May 2014 presidential election.〔〔(Poroshenko hopes for early parliamentary elections in Ukraine this fall - presidential envoy ), Interfax-Ukraine (19 June 2014)〕〔(In Ukrainian election, chocolate tycoon Poroshenko claims victory ), The Washington Post (25 May 2014)〕 Because of the ongoing War in Donbass and the unilateral annexation of Crimea by Russia, the elections were not held in all of the regions of Ukraine.〔 On 2 September 2014 the Central Election Commission of Ukraine announced that voting would not be held for the 12 Verkhovna Rada constituencies in Crimea and Sevastopol.〔〔〔 On 25 October they announced that there will also be no voting in 9 constituencies in Donetsk Oblast and 6 constituencies in Luhansk Oblast.〔 Because of this 27 seats of the 450 seats in parliament will remain unfilled.〔(Parliamentary elections not to be held at nine constituencies in Donetsk region and six constituencies in Luhansk region - CEC ), Interfax-Ukraine (25 October 2014)〕 Every citizen of Ukraine who is 18 years of age or older was able to exercise their right to vote in a mixed electoral system (53.2% under party lists and 46.8% in 198 constituencies〔) with a 5% election threshold.〔〔 Campaigning for this election was limited to the sixty days prior to the election, starting on 28 August 2014.〔(Decree on parliament dissolution published in official bulletin of Ukrainian president, election campaign begins on August 28 ), Interfax-Ukraine (14 August 2014) (Poroshenko decree to dissolve the Council are published ), Ukrayinska Pravda (27 August 2014) (Poroshenko put an end to the dissolution of ), Ukrayinska Pravda (27 August 2014)〕 A total of 2,321 international observers were registered to monitor the election.〔(В Украине на выборах будет работать 2 тыс. 321 иностранный наблюдатель ), Ukrainian Independent Information Agency (21 October 2014)〕 Local election watchdogs, international observers, the European Union and Russia cited no serious election violations and were generally pleased with the election.〔〔 The Petro Poroshenko Bloc won the most seats (132 seats) in the election (because of its lead in single-seat constituencies) with the People's Front (who gained more votes than the Petro Poroshenko Bloc on the nationwide party list〔(Latest vote count shows virtually no change in political configuration - CEC ), Interfax-Ukraine (27 October 2014)〕) coming second with 82 seats.〔 94 independent candidates won a seat in single-seat constituencies, Self Reliance won 33 seats, the Opposition Bloc 29 seats, the Radical Party 22 seats, Fatherland 19 seats, Svoboda 6 seats, Right Sector 1 seat, Strong Ukraine 1 seat, Volia 1 seat, and Zastup also 1 seat.〔 For the first time since Ukraine's 1991 independence Communists have no parliamentary representation.〔〔(Ukrainian Communist leader Symonenko not planning to leave country ), Interfax-Ukraine (29 October 2014) (Ukraine’s Elections Mark a Historic Break With Russia and Its Soviet Past ), Time magazine (Oct. 27, 2014)〕 The official voter turnout was set at 52.42%.〔(Voter turnout at Rada election 52.42% at all 198 constituencies - CEC ), Interfax-Ukraine (27 October 2014)〕 57% was the turnout in the previous 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election.〔(CEC:Turnout in Ukraine's parliamentary elections 57.99% ), Kyiv Post (29 October 2012)〕 The new parliament was appointed and started its tasks on 27 November 2014.〔(CEC registers 357 newly elected deputies of 422 ), National Radio Company of Ukraine (25 November 2014) (Parliament to form leadership and coalition on November 27 ), UNIAN (26 November 2014)〕 226 votes are needed to form a parliamentary majority.〔 ==Background== According to the election law of November 2011, elections to the Verkhovna Rada must take place at least every five years.〔〔 (Law of Ukraine "On Elections of People's Deputies of Ukraine " dated 17 November 2011 ), Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine〕 That law came into effect with the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election. If the Rada had sat for the maximum allotted time, the next parliamentary election would have occurred on 29 October 2017.〔 Despite this, the president-elect Petro Poroshenko said that he wanted to hold early parliamentary elections following his victory in the presidential election on 25 May 2014.〔 At 26 June session of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, Poroshenko said that he hoped to hold parliamentary elections in October 2014, portraying this as "the most democratic way".〔(Poroshenko hopes early parliamentary elections in Ukraine will take place in October ), Interfax-Ukraine (26 June 2014)〕 The parliamentary coalition that supported the Yatsenyuk Government, formed in the aftermath of the 2014 Ukrainian revolution and of the Euromaidan movement, was dissolved on 24 July.〔(Rada speaker announces dissolution of parliamentary coalition ), Interfax-Ukraine (24 July 2014)〕 If no new coalition formed within thirty days, President Poroshenko would become entitled to dissolve the Rada and to call early parliamentary elections.〔 On the same day as the dissolution, the Sovereign European Ukraine faction submitted a bill to the Rada that called for elections to take place on 28 September 2014.〔(Rada registers bill setting early parliamentary elections date for September 28, 2014 ), Interfax-Ukraine (24 July 2014)〕 In an interview with Ukrainian television channels on 14 August, Poroshenko justified early elections because the Rada refused to recognise the self-proclaimed breakaway Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics as terrorist organisations.〔(Poroshenko frustrated by Rada refusing to recognize self-proclaimed republics as terrorist organizations ), Interfax-Ukraine (14 August 2014)〕 The two republics, situated in the eastern Ukrainian region of the Donbass, originated in the Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts of Ukraine respectively, and have been fighting Ukrainian government forces in the War in Donbass. President Poroshenko said: "I don't know how to work with a parliament in which a huge number (deputies ), whole factions, make up 'the fifth column' controlled from abroad (to Russia ). And this danger is only increasing".〔 He also said that new elections "are the best and the most efficient form of lustration of not only the parliament but also the political forces". Poroshenko announced on 25 August that he had called for elections to the Rada to take place on 26 October 2014.〔〔 In his accompanying television address, he portrayed the elections as necessary to "purify the Rada of the mainstay of (president ) Viktor Yanukovych". These deputies, Poroshenko said, "clearly do not represent the people who elected them".〔 Poroshenko also painted these Rada deputies as responsible for "the (2014 ) Dictatorship laws that took the lives of the Heavenly Hundred".〔 Poroshenko also stated that many of the (then) current MPs were "direct sponsors and accomplices or at least sympathizers of the militants/separatists".〔(Ukrainian President dissolves Parliament, announces early elections ), United Press International (25 August 2014) (Ukraine's Petro Poroshenko Dissolves Parliament, Sets Election Date ), The Moscow Times (26 August 2014) (President's address on the occasion of early parliamentary elections of October 26 ), Presidential Administration of Ukraine (25 August 2014)〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ukrainian parliamentary election, 2014」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|